【Hacker News搬运】舞蹈训练在诱导大脑可塑性方面优于体育锻炼（2018）

[hackernews]

Title: Dance training superior to physical exercise in inducing brain plasticity (2018)

舞蹈训练在诱导大脑可塑性方面优于体育锻炼（2018）

Text:

hn link

Url: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0196636

根据您提供的链接，这是一篇发表在PLOS ONE上的研究文章，标题为《舞蹈训练在诱导老年人脑可塑性方面优于重复性体育锻炼》。以下是该文章的总结：

**研究目的**：
研究旨在比较一种特别的舞蹈训练计划和传统的体育健身训练计划对老年人脑结构和功能的影响。

**研究方法**：
研究人员招募了52名年龄在63至80岁之间的健康老年人，并将他们随机分配到舞蹈组或体育健身组。舞蹈组接受了为期六个月的舞蹈训练，而体育健身组则接受了同样的时间和强度的体育健身训练。研究人员使用结构磁共振成像（MRI）和认知测试来评估两组受试者的脑结构和功能。

**研究结果**：
- 舞蹈组在多个大脑区域（如扣带回、岛叶、胼胝体和躯体感觉皮层）的脑体积增加方面优于体育健身组。
- 舞蹈训练与血浆脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平的增加相关。
- 两组在认知功能方面没有显著差异。

**研究结论**：
这项研究表明，舞蹈训练可以有效地提高老年人的脑体积和脑可塑性，而不会引起认知功能的显著变化。与传统的体育健身训练相比，舞蹈训练可能是一种更有效的干预措施，可以改善老年人的脑健康。

**可能的机制**：
- 舞蹈训练涉及身体运动、感觉刺激和认知任务，可能通过多种机制促进脑可塑性。
- 舞蹈训练可能通过增加脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的水平来促进神经发生和突触可塑性。
- 舞蹈训练可能通过改善大脑皮层和皮层下结构之间的连接来提高认知功能。

**研究意义**：
这项研究为老年人脑健康提供了新的见解，并为开发有效的干预措施以改善老年人的脑健康提供了证据。

Post by: Tomte

Comments:

bogtog: I do MRI work, and my gut is that none of the claims about dance vs. exercise would replicate. The behavioral data suggests that activity of some type will improve cognitive function (main effects of time). Such beneficial effects of activity on the brain have been shown before, and this is generally accepted. However, the authors' behavioral data doesn't show any difference between the dance vs. exercise groups. This means that the study is overall off to a pretty bad start if their goal is to study dance vs. exercise differences...<p>The brain data claims to show that the dance vs. exercise groups showed different levels of improvement in various regions. However, the brain effects are tiny and are probably just random noise (I'm referring to those red spots, which are very small and almost certainly don't reflect proper correction for multiple hypotheses given that the authors effectively tested 1000s or 10000s of different areas). The authors' claims about BDNF are supported by a p-value of p = .046, and having main conclusions hinge on p-values of p > .01 usually means the conclusions are rubbish.<p>In general, my priors on "we can detect subtle changes in brain matter over a 6-week period" are also very low. Perhaps, a study with this sample size could show that activity of some kind influences the brain over such a short length, but I am extremely skeptical that this type of study could detect differences between dance vs. exercise effects.

bogtog: 我做MRI工作，我的直觉是，关于舞蹈与运动的说法都不会重复。行为数据表明，某种类型的活动会改善认知功能（时间的主要影响）。活动对大脑的这种有益影响以前已经被证明，这是普遍接受的。然而，作者；行为数据不会；舞蹈组和运动组之间没有任何区别。这意味着，如果他们的目标是研究舞蹈与运动的差异，那么这项研究总体上开局不利<p> 大脑数据声称显示，舞蹈组和运动组在不同区域表现出不同程度的改善。然而，大脑的影响很小，可能只是随机噪声（我指的是那些红点，它们非常小，几乎可以肯定，考虑到作者有效地测试了1000或10000个不同区域，它们不能反映对多个假设的适当校正）。作者：；关于BDNF的主张得到了p=.046的p值的支持，并且主要结论取决于p&gt；的p值。01通常意味着结论是垃圾<p> 总的来说，我在&quot；我们可以在6周内检测到脑物质的细微变化”；也很低。也许，一项具有这种样本量的研究可以表明，某种活动会在如此短的时间内影响大脑，但我非常怀疑这种研究能否检测到舞蹈与运动效果之间的差异。

changing1999: I would like to see a comparison with other types of physical exercise that contain an element of continuous learning. Wrestling, BJJ, even boxercise, crossfit and such. Since the argument seems to be specifically about learning new routines and how that impacts neuroplasticity, dance vs other more cognitively challenging workouts would be an interesting comparison.

changing1999: 我想看看与其他包含持续学习元素的体育锻炼的比较。摔跤、BJJ，甚至拳击、十字交叉等。由于这场争论似乎是专门关于学习新习惯以及这如何影响神经可塑性的，因此舞蹈与其他更具认知挑战性的锻炼将是一个有趣的比较。

alunchbox: A book I read 'spark' by John J Ratey, discussed this in a few chapters. Cardio/Running at 70% maximum heart rate lead to brain plasticity and even allowing new synapses to make connections and grow. However, he did argue an exercise that also required concentration e.g dancing, basketball, skateboarding would have better results.<p>It's absolutely crazy, that we misunderstand how our brains are intended to work in the old world. Our brains are for movement, the ability to think, plan and utilize tools appears to have been a happy accident that allowed our ancestor an advantage in survival.<p>brains be braining.

alunchbox: 我读过的一本书；火花；约翰·J·拉蒂在几章中讨论了这一点。Cardio；以70%的最大心率跑步会导致大脑可塑性，甚至允许新的突触建立连接和生长。然而，他确实认为，需要集中注意力的运动，如跳舞、篮球、滑板，会有更好的效果<p> 它；我们误解了我们的大脑在旧世界是如何工作的，这绝对是疯了。我们的大脑是用来运动的，思考、计划和使用工具的能力似乎是一个幸运的意外，让我们的祖先在生存中占据了优势<p> 大脑在思考。

laristine: For a research article, modifiers may be more important in imposing constraints and necessary insights in cause and effect. The full title of this article is "Dance training is superior to <i>repetitive</i> physical exercise in inducing brain plasticity <i>in the elderly</i>".<p>While the current title on HN is "Dance training superior to physical exercise in inducing brain plasticity".

laristine: 对于一篇研究文章，修饰语在施加约束和因果关系方面可能更重要。这篇文章的标题是&quot；舞蹈训练在诱导老年人大脑可塑性方面优于重复性体育锻炼&quot<p> 而HN目前的标题是&quot；舞蹈训练在诱导大脑可塑性方面优于体育锻炼&quot；。

cdiamand: "Regarding cognition, both groups improved in attention and spatial memory, but no significant group differences emerged."<p>So, the dance group showed increase volume of brain matter. Is there a benefit to having the extra brain volume, even if it doesn't lead to improved cognition?<p>Is it possible that increased volume just helped them become better dancers?

cdiamand: &“；在认知方面，两组在注意力和空间记忆方面都有所改善，但没有出现显著的组间差异&“<p> 因此，舞蹈组的大脑物质体积有所增加。即使没有，拥有额外的脑容量是否有益；不会导致认知能力的提高吗<p> 有没有可能增加音量只是帮助他们成为更好的舞者？