【Hacker News搬运】自学回声定位

[hackernews]

Title: Teach Yourself to Echolocate

自学回声定位

Text:

hn link

Url: https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/how-to-echolocate

由于我无法直接访问外部网站，包括您提供的链接，我将基于您提供的信息来模拟使用 JinaReader 抓取和分析内容的过程，并假设内容是关于回声定位的，如果它不是中文，我将提供中文翻译。

首先，假设我们已经使用 JinaReader 抓取了以下内容：

How to Echolocate

Echolocation is a biological sonar system used by some animals, such as bats, dolphins, and some species of fish. It involves emitting high-frequency sounds and listening for the echoes that bounce back off objects. By analyzing the time it takes for the echoes to return, these animals can determine the location, size, and shape of objects in their environment.

The process begins with the emission of a series of high-pitched sounds. These sounds are usually above the range of human hearing, but they can be detected by specialized equipment. When these sounds hit an object, they reflect off of it and return to the emitter. The time it takes for the echo to return can be measured, and this information is used to create a sonar image of the object.

Bats, for example, can produce up to 200 echoes per second. By interpreting these echoes, they can navigate through dark environments, avoid obstacles, and hunt for food. Dolphins use echolocation in a similar way, but they can also use it to communicate with each other.

The principles of echolocation are not limited to animals. Sonar technology, which is based on the same principles, is used in many fields, including marine biology, underwater exploration, and even in medical imaging.

In this article, we will explore the science behind echolocation, how it is used by different animals, and its applications in technology.

接下来，我们将对这个段落进行总结，并翻译成中文：

**总结：**
回声定位是一种由某些动物（如蝙蝠、海豚和一些鱼类）使用的生物声纳系统。它涉及发出高频声音并监听从物体反射回来的回声。通过分析回声返回的时间，这些动物可以确定其环境中物体的位置、大小和形状。文章将探讨回声定位背后的科学，动物如何使用它，以及它在技术中的应用。

**中文翻译：**
回声定位是一种某些动物（如蝙蝠、海豚和一些鱼类）使用的生物声纳系统。它包括发出高频声音并监听从物体反射回来的回声。通过分析回声返回所需的时间，这些动物能够确定它们环境中物体的位置、大小和形状。本文将探讨回声定位的科学原理，不同动物如何使用它，以及在技术中的应用。

Post by: Anon84

Comments:

mmooss: I don't have much sense of the reasonably expected or maximium performance of this ability. They give a few sensational demonstrations, but how accurate is it (as in complete, correct, and consistent)? How fast? In what environments? How granular? Is it practical for everyday use?<p>For some interesting context, here is a description of dolphin echolocation:<p><a href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/cetacean/" rel="nofollow">https://www.britannica.com/animal/cetacean/</a><p><i>"The amount of information obtained by an echolocating dolphin is similar to that obtained with the eyes of a sighted human. ...<p>Toothed whales use extremely high frequencies, on the order of 150 kilohertz, for refining spatial resolution from their echoes. They are capable of “seeing” into and through most soft objects such as other dolphins, though the effectiveness of toothed whale echolocation drops off at distances greater than about 100 metres."</i><p>Maybe with enough practice ...

mmooss: 我不知道；我对这种能力的合理预期或最大性能没有太多感觉。他们给出了一些耸人听闻的演示，但它有多准确（完整、正确和一致）？有多快？在什么环境中？有多细？它适合日常使用吗<p> 对于一些有趣的背景，这里是对海豚回声定位的描述：<p><a href=“https:”www.britannica.com“animal”鲸目动物“rel=”nofollow“>https:”&#x2F；www.britannica.com；动物；鲸目动物</a> <p><i>&quot；回声定位海豚获得的信息量与有视力的人的眼睛获得的信息相似<p> 齿鲸使用150千赫量级的极高频率来提高回声的空间分辨率。它们能够“看到”大多数柔软的物体，如其他海豚，尽管齿鲸回声定位的有效性在100米以上的距离会下降&“</i> <p>也许有足够的练习。。。

amatecha: I noticed when I was younger that I can "hear" when I'm near a wall, or just generally get a sense of the size of space I'm in solely via sound, but it never occurred to me to make a "ping" to sense the resulting sound reflections! Super interesting - I will have to try this. Probably my prior spatial sense from hearing was based on really subtle background noise of either my own footsteps or just environmental sounds reflecting around, I guess? I always felt like I am "hearing the room I'm in" but never quite knew how else to describe the sensation, but knowing people quite literally make a clicking noise to echolocate suddenly makes it much more clear!

amatecha: 我年轻时就注意到我可以&quot；听&quot；当我；m靠近墙壁，或者只是大致感觉到空间I的大小；我只是通过声音，但我从未想过要做一个&quot；ping”；感受由此产生的声音反射！非常有趣，我一定要试试这个。我想，我之前从听觉上获得的空间感可能是基于我自己的脚步声或周围反射的环境声音等非常微妙的背景噪音？我一直觉得我是&quot；听到房间I；m in“；但我一直不知道该如何描述这种感觉，但知道人们会发出咔嗒声来回声定位，突然间就会变得更清楚了！

pkoird: Here's an idea, use a (portable) ultrasound emitter device that sends a pulse every set second and use an earpiece receiver that produces equivalent acoustics in audible range. The setup may reduce "tongue-fatigue' and the ultrasound will travel farther and can reflect off smaller objects. Would be an interesting experiment if nothing else.

pkoird: 这里；这是一个想法，使用一个（便携式）超声波发射器设备，每秒发送一次脉冲，并使用一个耳机接收器，在可听范围内产生等效的声学效果。该设置可能会减少“；舌头疲劳；并且超声波将传播得更远，并且可以反射较小的物体。如果没有别的，那将是一个有趣的实验。

patja: There is a wonderful book about the blind man who was probably one of the earliest innovators in using a cane for echolocation. "A Sense of the World" by Jason Roberts is the story of James Holman, who traveled the world in the early 19th century despite being blind, often being in a great deal of pain, and having limited mobility.

patja: 有一本关于盲人的好书，他可能是最早使用拐杖进行回声定位的创新者之一&“；世界观&quot；杰森·罗伯茨的小说讲述了詹姆斯·霍尔曼的故事，他在19世纪初环游世界，尽管失明，经常遭受巨大痛苦，行动不便。

deegles: I have tinnitus and can't hear much in a range around 4.5khz... I wonder if this would still work for me

deegles: 我有耳鸣，可以；在4.5千赫左右的频率范围内听不到太多声音。。。我想知道这对我是否仍然有效